Arguments of Supporters for the Use of Plastic Bags and Why They Need to Be Banned in California Free Essay Example, 3500 words

Plastic bags are a killer of marine life as well as other ecological species live forms. For instance, in California alone, about 123,000 tones of plastic bags each year make its way to the ocean making the weight of trash to about 100 million tons over the years and this has outweighed planktons (Environment California). These bags are very dangerous to organisms living in water bodies more especially mammalian animals. These animals will tend to see plastic bags as a meal due to their texture, size, and shape. Once ingested, these bags can cause either suffocation or even indigestion by blocking the digestive tract of these animals, which will lead to eventual death. A good instance is the situation of 2010 in Seattle where a near-adult gray whale died on the beach but it was previously in good health. Scientists assigned to examine the body found about 20 plastic bags in its digestive tract. This was the fifth one of its kind to die (Hibbard). It is very rare for an animal to sur vive after ingesting plastic bags. It can either suffocate and die instantly or stay longer and die slowly due to toxic accumulation caused by blockage of intestines. We will write a custom essay sample on Arguments of Supporters for the Use of Plastic Bags and Why They Need to Be Banned in California or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Why Shoes Are Considered A Necessity For Fashion And...

The evidence of shoes date back to about eight-thousand years before current time but there is a possibility that shoes date back further. Shoes were primarily used to protect the wear’s feet from the harshness of the environment. It was not until much later that shoes became a fashionable item. Only those that were considered privileged or wealthy could afford shoes and used them to define their social class. Now shoes are considered a necessity for fashion and health reasons causing there to be an abundance of brands, size, height, width, color, and designs that are used for different occasion. Shoes come in a variety of styles but can be classified into three main groups: Athletic, Casual, and Dressy. The sporty girls are usual seen shopping in the athletic department for shoes. These shoes have a number of styles, colors, and designs to choose from, so while she dominating at whatever sport she is playing she will have an equally amazing pair of shoes on her feet. Most athletic shoes are specifically designed for physical activities so that the wearer can perform their best. Athletic type shoes includes: cleats, tennis shoes, running shoes, walking shoes, ballet shoes, basketball shoes and any other type of shoe that is used for physical activities. The most common brand is Nike but there are many other brands that provide a number of similar shoes, such as Air Max, Jordans and Under Armour. The shoe brands then break down into categories designed specifically forShow MoreRelatedZappos.Com - the Buying Process Essay examples1991 Words   |  8 Pagesproduct/service I have utilized many times is Zappos.com. I have purchased countless pairs of shoes from one of the largest/origin al online site offering a variety of shoes. Although Zappos currently has a vast line of products, when I began purchasing from them, they were basically a seller of shoes. As with market growth in all aspects of life, Zappos.com has become a seller of many fashion products including: shoes, handbags, accessories, clothing, etc., all associated with the things that create theRead MoreMarketing Plan Nike3380 Words   |  14 Pagesassess all areas affecting Nike’s strategic direction: – Current market situation: detailed consumer and business market segmentation and analysis of market drivers will be undertaken to identify the most valuable target segments and underlying reasons for market entry/opportunity. Specific target areas are evaluated to provide key inputs: product, pricing, retail structures, sales and distribution planning – A review of competition: extensive competitive profiling in areas such as positioningRead MoreMarketing: Meeting Needs Profitably6042 Words   |  25 Pagesproduct in this case is the FitFlop footwear and the objective of alleviating the common foot issues is an ideal solution to customers. Shoes are now basic necessity in people’s everyday life. However, finding a suitable pair of shoes can prove to be a hectic task. It can be assumed that nowadays most active people spend around 12 hours per day wearing shoes. Moreover, according to Chevins amp; Peckham (2010), an average person spends four hours on their feet and takes between 8,000 and 10,000Read MoreInderstanding Consumer Behaviour Towards Luxury Products14749 Words   |  59 PagesMMS -137, Marketing Page 3 Understanding Consumer Behaviour towards Luxury Products EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Studying consumer behaviour enables marketing researchers to predict how consumers will react to promotional messages and to understand why they make the purchase decision they do. Marketers realized that if they know more about the consumer decision making criteria, they can design marketing strategies and promotional messages that will influence consumers more effectively. The importanceRead MoreLevis - 4 Ps5809 Words   |  24 Pagesservices and reputation. A product may be a place, service, good or promotion.† BRANDS Brand is a name, term, sign, symbol or design that adds value to the products. LS CO. earns remarkable revenues throughout the year coz its products are considered to be the world’s largest quality products. LS CO. is basically divided into 3 sub brands i.e. Levi’s, Dockers and Levis Strauss Signature. All the three brands are providing different quality products. LEVI’S ® Invented in 1873, Levis ® jeansRead MoreChanel Handbags, Target, and Salvation Army Swot Analysis13115 Words   |  53 Pages1. Most women want to express their individuality by the clothes and accessories they flaunt around. Some women seek brand names while others conform to necessities. Nonetheless, the majority of women find it helpful to carry a handbag; whether it is for storing car keys and a wallet or to match an outfit. 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This is because some businesses are moreRead MoreConsumer Lifestyle in Singapore35714 Words   |  143 PagesSales of Beauty and Personal Care Key Categories 2006-2011 ...... 31 Regional Ranking of Per Capita Sales of Mens Grooming Products 2011 ........................................................................................................... 31 Fashion Habits ........................................................................................................................... 32 Attitudes Towards Clothing .....................................................................................Read MoreCase Study LVMH, Strategy and future: Diversification.5524 Words   |  23 Pagesenvironment, its resources and competitive position. 2.1 Background to Organization LVMH is an international group of companies that produces and sells luxury goods. It is associated with a number of product lines such as wines, cosmetics, fragrances, fashion, watches, jewellery and retail and with the most prestigious brands in those sectors. Since it conception in 1987, when Louis Vuitton merged with Moet Chandon champagne and Hennessy cognac, LVMH was conceived to be a star group. Its business strategy

Market Segmentation of Coca Cola Free Essays

string(29) " as their related drawbacks\." Business communications In this assignment I will be talking about the types of information used in Tesco. A I will start by defining information. Information is defined as the knowledge of specific events or situations that have been gathered or received by communication, intelligence or news. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Segmentation of Coca Cola or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first type of information I will talk about is verbal. Verbal communication is part of the day to day activities of Tesco. VERBAL: verbal communication entails the face to face expression of views and ideas or sometimes across the telephone. In Tesco verbal information is obtained from both managers and employees as they both work together and need to be aware of certain pieces of information that are related to either their business or job role as a whole. An example of verbal information is a store manager giving instruction to a grocery staff as to how to arrange promotion stocks on the shelves. This is a practical example of verbal information because the staff initially did not know how to go about the arrangement but he obtained it from the face to face interaction with the store manager. Verbal information is internal because it is obtained from employees and other staff inside the business. In Tesco verbal information is used to invite support for activities because the support must come from the employees in the business. For example, if Tesco need more staff for their night shift, they speak to couple of staff who work in the day to seek for their help. The purpose of verbal information is to elaborate more on key issues which are vital to the business because for example, issues like getting staff to do overtime needs to be verbal as the company is trying to persuade staff to do extra work for them. WRITTEN: Written communication involves any type of interaction that makes use of the written word. It is one of the two main types of communication, along with oral or spoken communication. Written communication is very common in Tesco, so it is will be the interest of the business for managers to develop effective written communication skills. Some of the various forms of written communication that are used internally for business operations include memos, reports, bulletins, job descriptions, employee manuals, and electronic mail. Written information also sometimes the form of diagrams, graphs and charts. For example Tesco always gives out pay slips to employees every month which contains their monthly salary and other deductions. This is written information which gives both managers and employees in Tesco the gist about how much they were paid. Written information can be said to be an internal source of information in Tesco because the Human Resource department comes out with written internal job vacancies as well as the job description to get interested applicants. Tesco uses written information for the purpose of informing the management and the staff about future developments. For example if they want to expand, they will write to workers and tell them what they expect from them to help the business expansion. ON SCREEN: This is where information may be produced on-screen. This can be seen in multimedia TVs and CD-ROM’s that combine text, graphics, animation, audio and video. Tesco uses on screen information during induction of new recruits into the business. The new recruits watch video of how to use equipment such as flat tops, cages etc. as well as to stay safe in case of fire outbreak etc. also the information used by the Checkout Assistants in Tesco are also on screen . n screen information used by Tesco is internal because the on screen information used by the Checkout Assistants are provided by the Price Integrity department to inform the workers about current prices of stock and the video they show in the induction is also acted and recorded by the Tesco employees. The purpose of the on screen information is to invite support for activities because Tesco have set their own standards in the business and through onscreen information; they are able to show it to other people who are not aware of these standards in relation to price, health and safety etc. MULTIMEDIA: multimedia means multiple forms of media. Media can be text, graphics, video, data etc. Tesco always do their advertisement on the Television and also in the newspaper and that is a form of multimedia information. This type of information is external because the Tesco advertisement ids designed and presented by someone who is not part of the organisation. The purpose of using multimedia information is to communicate sales promotions. Tesco uses variety of information to communicate their sales promotion to customers. For example they place information about their Groceries, food and other products on offer in the newspaper or on the television to target a lot of customers. WEB BASED: web based are basically information found on a website. Tesco as a business have a business website to supplement the stores they have. Customers can also buy products and services from the website. The web based information is internal because it is a provided database by the company. The purpose of Tesco web base information is to update knowledge of their own market such as the performance of the business in recent and previous years. Also in the case of recruiting staff, Tesco upload the person specification and job description of the related vacancy on their website so that applicants can update themselves with the information on the website before applying. Task 2 Businesses use different kinds of information for their day to day activities. The information they use gives them a lot of merit as it contributes to effective communication and the smooth running of the business. In this part of the assignment I will analyse the different types of information used by Tesco and the reason why they use such information as well as their related drawbacks. You read "Market Segmentation of Coca Cola" in category "Essay examples" Verbal In Tesco, verbal information is via the mouth. It includes managers and employees conversing with each other. In other words it also entails a telephone conversation between Customer Service staff and customers who wants to make an enquiry or at times customers who want to locate certain products at the shop floor. Tesco uses verbal information because it is from a reliable sourcing which from either the management or the employees and hence they can rely on it. There is high level of understanding and transparency. Tesco as a business embark on a lot of discussions as they have to deal with catalogue of duties in the shop and also work together as a team. Teamwork will enable them get the job done and this cannot be possible without verbal information. For example if the Stock Control Department of Tesco wants to embark on stock counts, the manager of the department will have to speak to the staffs of that department to give them all the necessary gist about the job and how it can be done. In this case there is flexibility and that is another benefit that is why Tesco use verbal information because the staff of the stock control department will also give the manager feedback about what they think and this will help the department and the entire Tesco team to get their job done. Tesco also use verbal information in problem resolution. Sometimes there are certain disputes, disagreements and conflicts between staffs, staff and customers etc. and this can be put to an end by talking over them. For example Tesco has an administrative team known as Listen and Fix; they resolve problems amicably through verbal information. It’s easier to communicate verbally than any other way because you get to understand every detail that is being spoken by the other person. In Tesco customers communicate with the staff members this is an advantage because they get to ask questions if they don’t understand the instructions clearly. As discussed above, there are a lot of benefits associated with verbal communication that is why Tesco use it to enable them solve problems and to achieve their stated aims and objects. Verbal communication is time saving for Tesco as far as daily interaction is concerned, in contrast, in case Tesco have a management meeting or an annual meeting, it consumes a lot of time and that is a drawback of verbal communication as it entails a lot of speeches. Also under this meeting, there are sometimes misunderstanding as they embark on a lot of debates making it difficult to arrive at a conclusion and sometimes information from the management in the course are not clear as they do not follow any formal procedure but just talking over them. Besides, verbal information has a short period of longevity making it difficult for receivers to recollect what was discussed. For example, if a customer comes up to a customer assistant in the shop floor to address a complain, the customer assistant will promise the customer to forward the issue to the management but it can occur that he might not recollect the information and hence the complaint will not be dealt with. Written Written communication has great significance in Tesco business. It is an innovative activity of the mind. Effective written communication is essential for preparing worthy promotional materials for Tesco’s development. Written information is more unique and formal. Effective writing involves careful choice of words, their organization in correct order in sentences formation as well as cohesive composition of sentences. Written information helps in laying down apparent principles, policies and rules for the running of Tesco business. Tesco as the number one retailer in the UK always set high principles and policies to enable them be on top, and all these principles are passed on through the entire staff through written information because it is more formal and precise. For example, last Tesco came up with a policy to enable them control the amount of stock lose in their various shops by doing an unannounced staff search. Tesco got their message across to the staff in the store through written information because that was formal and it breaks down every detail of the policy to the staffs. Also in the case of recruitment, Tesco written information to delegate responsibilities to new employees into the business because talking through responsibilities is not adequate and both Personnel manager and the employee might forget what is said but written information in the form of employment contract is proper for record keeping. Written information adds up to Tesco cost of production as written information entails purchasing huge sums of stationary talk less of the manpower employed in writing and delivering letters. The feedback of written information is not spontaneous making it hard for communication in Tesco to be effective. Communication needs quick and effective responds to be effective and further helps in the decision making process of Tesco. For example, Tesco relies heavily on their suppliers because they bring in their stock on daily basis. If Tesco runs out of stock, they quickly scan the information of the products and send them quickly via email to their suppliers. In this case the suppliers are meant to respond quickly to the email. The suppliers sometimes take time to respond to the email thereby making the written communication ineffective. Tesco usually sends out emails and letters to their valued customers to inform them about their already existing special offers or impending ones. This information can easily be read and understood by most customers but sometimes customers from other countries who do not understand the English language may not understand the information and may regard it as useless. When this happens, Tesco marketing strategies will not achieve maximum results because some customers do not get the whole point of the written sales promotion send to them. On screen On screen is an advantage to Tesco because a large number of people can watch the presentation for example electronic paying tills they can get information if the tills are not working or if there is any discounts or and new system introduced by the organisation. Another advantage of onscreen information is that a large number of people can access information from it to help them upgrade their knowledge in an organisation. The government has influenced a lot of businesses to keep up with health and safety at their workplace to ensure the wellbeing of their workers and customers. Tesco usually show health and safety videos on screen to their workers. The video covers issues like how to react in case of fire outbreak, how to use Tesco equipment like cages, flat tops etc. the idea behind this video is to educate the workers on how to stay positive in the work place. The video is shown onscreen to a large number of workers at a go making it easier to educate mass group of people in less time. Also the managers of Tesco do a monthly conference meeting with the Managing Director of the entire Tesco Company via the screen which really relieves the company the cost of arranging meetings because they can have a discussion with the manager without inviting him over. However the disadvantage of this type of communication is that people with disabilities like blind people won’t be able to communicate using this method. I made mentioned that Tesco’s cost is reduced because they can have a meeting with their Managing Director without inviting him over. However the disadvantage towards the onscreen meeting is that in case of technical failures like inability to connect equipment, the meeting will be affected or might not come on at all. In other words, the Managing Director can monopolize the decisions to be made under the meeting because it is not a face to face meeting to enhance free social interaction and influence of certain decisions under the meeting. Tesco self-service is onscreen which gives information to customers on better ways to pay for the items they have purchased in store without joining the long queues at the checkout however there is a disadvantage towards this form of communication because the information is written in English Language and customers who do not understand the language cannot follow the steps listed on the self-service machine. Multimedia Tesco fancy multimedia as it is able to help them target their target audience with their special offers . ultimedia can be television, audio, video, newspapers, billboards etc. for example billboards are good for communicating because they are situated in busy places. Tesco normally show their best selling items on their billboards to attract or inform passing drivers and other customers about their special offers in store. Besides, Tesco’s advertisement are mostly done on the television because most customers watch television at their work places, homes etc. s o the advertisement can be seen by customers to know what is going on in the business. To Tesco, multimedia is more appealing over traditional advertising methods. For example in the olden days, businesses use word of mouth as an effective advertising tool to tell customers about their businesses and the products or services. That was really time consuming and in other words targeted few audiences. Tesco by using multimedia like Television, Newspapers and Radio stations are able to inform the customers and the entire public about their recent or impending sales promotions. However competitive businesses in the retail sector such as ASDA, Sainsbury etc. ses multimedia in their operations hence it makes it difficult for customers to understand the positioning of Tesco’s products. Tesco incur a lot of costs by advertising through the media such as radio stations and television channels, besides advertising through the media to win the target audience attention requires strategic planning to make it effective. For example if Tesco is advertising a product to target students on the television, they will have to have to do it in the evening as students are most of the time available in the evening. Another disadvantage of multimedia information is that it is not only expensive but also advertisement through some media formats has short life. For example, Tesco advert will only be current in a newspaper throughout a day or two and afterwards becomes history. This makes multimedia information less effective. Web based The internet is used to allow people to shop from home at any time on their computers using Tesco online. They simply connect to the internet and then send the order. Websites are used to store lots of information for customers, for example, latest CDs sold in Tesco. Wines, information on a baby and toddler club etc. Club-cards are a form of internal communication because Tesco stores every item that you have bought when your card is swiped; this means that they know what have been selling the most and the least in the store. Besides, the most obvious advantage of web based information is the potential for reaching a wider audience. The internet is used by literally millions of people; all of them are looking for something to buy. Tesco having a website enables them to operate over a wider area meaning they can now get in touch with their unreachable customers. With web based information customers can easily access information about Tesco. They can see what products or services they sell, their prices, location and much more. The advantage here is that whatever Tesco decides to tell customers, they can find it with a few clicks of a mouse. Frequent system breakdown makes Tesco web based information inaccessible for both customers and Tesco. Customers will be frustrated if they cannot access Tesco website or find it difficult to find other information and they will resort to other business website. This will really bring down Tesco’s reputation and sales as well. The security issue on Business web can be a disadvantage because it can be vulnerable to hackers who can use deviant means to shop online or in other words use someone’s credit card to purchase stuff online which can create customers and business problems. Task 3 In this final task, I will be evaluating the appropriateness of business information used to make strategic decisions in Tesco. I will write this in relation to two functional areas in Tesco namely Finance Department and Marketing Department. Strategic decision is defined as the grand direction of the business. That is to say they are decisions which the business makes in relation to where they want to be in the future. The finance department of Tesco generates a variety of financial information that is helpful in decision making, including: Profit and Loss accounts providing details of whether Tesco is making efficient use of financial resources. Sales and purchases information setting out particular types of trading and accounts with particular customers and suppliers. A budget serves as a plan for the future development of Tesco. Managers are able to monitor budgets in order to spot variances and make on going adjustments to plans. Financial statements such as the profit and loss account and the balance sheet provide information about past performance of Tesco. Finance department are able to compare the performance of the business in one accounting period to the other. For example, on the 25 of February, Tesco were able to compare their profit and total fixed assets through the information in the profit and loss account as well as the balance sheet of the business. In 2011, the annual turnover of Tesco was ? 60455. 0m and a profit of ? 2777. 0m the total fixed asset was 35167. 0. In 2012, the turnover is ? 64539. 0m and the profit is ? 2956. 0m. The total fixed asset is 379180. Tesco was able to track the business as successful through their balance and profit account because the turnover and total fixed assets in the year 2012 is greater than that of 2011. This was brought to their notice through the information they recorded in their accounts. The finance department of Tesco can now make a basic forecast by following the trend of their turnover and profit/loss accounts to help them in the effective allocation of money. The balance sheet information helps Tesco’s strategic decision because the balance sheet summarizes Tesco’s assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity at a specific point in time which can attract investors to invest in the business to increase the revenue of the business. Investors can analyse the performance of Tesco by looking at the balance sheet to see how much Tesco owes and owns. In contrast the information used by the finance department of Tesco in the profit and loss account and balance sheet can be manipulated and this makes the information not accurate or reliable for making financial judgements. Tesco as a PLC prepare financial statements for their external stakeholders, like creditors and shareholders, and for external auditors. Unfortunately, it is simple enough for the company to manipulate the statements. The management of Tesco may choose to overinflate profits to lure prospective shareholders into investing in the company. Also care must be taken when using financial documents such as profit and loss account. This is because the financial information is not current since it was prepared years back and Tesco cannot really rely on it to make decisions in terms of the success and failure of the company at present time. It is obvious that profit and loss as well as balance sheet of Tesco can be manipulated however it can be suggested that the profit and loss account really help Tesco to make strategic decisions such as investing in profitable ventures to boast the profit margin of the company. For example, The Tesco website, in which it has invested heavily in during recent years, saw profits leap by 21 per cent to ? 48 million, on the back of an almost equal percentage sales rise. Online grocery orders lifted by 10 per cent to ? 7. 5 million. The marketing department of Tesco on the other hand uses information from the Tesco club card to make decisions such as positioning of certain products. It has been able to use the Club card very effectively in addressing different customer segments and in attracting and retaining customers of all types. Club card is Tesco’s membership scheme which allows customers to save money on shopping by providing them price-off vouchers. Customers get a point on every pound they spend shopping at any stores of Tesco group of companies as well as at stores of their partner companies. Once a customer accumulates 150 points, these are then converted into Club card vouchers which enable the customer to save money on shopping. For getting a Tesco Club card customers have to register by filling in a form and sending it by post or they can also register online as well as over the phone. Anytime customers shop at Tesco, their club card is swiped. This means that the Club card acts as a tool for Tesco’s marketing department for collecting useful marketing data related to the buying habits of individual customers. Once the marketing department have observed the buying habit of customers, they then apply the information in their marketing strategies. For example, if more customers in Barking purchase pet food, then the marketing department will send vouchers to these customers to enable them buy more to increase sales. Besides as part of secondary research conducted by Tesco, then company makes use of government statistics to find information about the external environment. For example government statistics shows the current state of the economy such as inflation, recession etc. Tesco knowing what is going on in the economy can then make vital decisions on their pricing and other ways to promote their brands. For example, if the economy is in recession, Tesco will then embark on sales promotion to enable them sell more products to customers as well as reducing their prices to target more customers. Looking at the above advantage, it would be easy to draw a conclusion that government statistics are in fact very useful as a source of data for the marketing department of Tesco; however there are also important disadvantages to official statistics so care must be taken when using information from government statistics because they are not always produced in a useful form, making them harder for a Tesco to analyse and draw any trends and patterns from it. The information from the club card used by the Marketing department of Tesco can be described as unreliable because most customers have the view that the club card is a violation of rights and they do not comply. Besides, some customers who have registered for the club card do not even bring it along when they shop so it is sometimes difficult for the marketing department to make headway in determining which goods are selling and those which are not. My personal opinion is that the club card information on the Tesco database has actually helped Tesco to track the buying habits of 13 million British families. these buying habits has also in turn boasted Tesco’s relationship marketing as well as promoting customer loyalty in the business. How to cite Market Segmentation of Coca Cola, Essay examples

Health Care Functions Of Whitlam Memorial Hospital †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Health Care Functions Of Whitlam Memorial Hospital. Answer: Introduction: Organizational structure acts as a backbone on which the work processes and the policies of the organisation rely and are built to achieve the objectives (Dischner, 2015). The relationship among the management and the employees and the flow of emotions, ideas and informations are lay out formally through the organisational structure of the organisation (Dischner, 2015). The health cares organisations functions very specifically, executing the services that are of high quality to the patients each and every hour of the day (Dischner, 2015). Hence, the health care organisations for fulfilling such service requirement are to follow the erect organizational structure having different management layers. The different layers of the management are designed in such a way to ensure that the tasks are done exactly and correctly (Dischner, 2015). Whitlam Memorial hospital is also following the traditional bureaucratic structure where the organisation works under the different management layers (Melrose, 2018). The bureaucratic organisational structure includes the hierarchy that moves from the executives to regional managers and then the department managers and at the base shift supervisors works with the frontline employees. The decision making is to pass through the different level of the organisation as compared to the organization that is flat (Melrose, 2018). For example, the refund case has to pass first through the frontline employees and then towards the shift supervisor and after their approval, it passes to the store management the retail outlet in the company with bureaucratic structure. In the origination where the structure is bureaucratic, their authorities are usually centred at the crest, and information usually surges from the crest to down (Melrose, 2018). This encourages the culture of the company to be foc used on standards and rules, where the operational procedure is strictly controlled with certain best methodologies and supervision (Singh, 2013). The current traditional bureaucratic structure: Top-level managers in bureaucratic organizational structures exercise a great deal of control over organizational strategy decisions, which is ideal for business owners with a command and control style (Singh, 2013). Deliberate decision-making moment under the bureaucratic structure is to be shorter in a high organizational arrangement because only few individuals are involved in the structure (Singh, 2013). Best-practices and Standardization are over and over again highlights in companies with tall managerial structures, making sure that work is again and again completed resourcefully and efficiently. Disadvantages Bossy structures can dishearten innovation and creativity throughout the association. No matter how clever a company owner is, it is almost impossible for a solitary individual to produce the variety of planned ideas probable in a large, interdisciplinary cluster (Abbasi, 2017). Front-line workers may get less fulfilment from their jobs in a severely bureaucratic association, increasing worker earnings rates. Organization bound by severe control can, in addition, find them a lesser amount able to become accustomed to changing circumstances in the industry, marketplace or the legal atmosphere (Abbasi, 2017). Mission and vision: A vision and mission are critical as well as standard elements of a company's managerial strategy. Most well-known companies build up organizational undertaking statements and revelation statements that serve as introductory guides in the enterprise setup of the company objectives (Dharmadasa, 2010) The business then develops tactical and strategic plans for objectives. These statements play 3 main roles: commune the function of the relationship to stakeholders; update strategy expansion, and develop the reckonable objectives and goals by which to measure the accomplishment of the organizations approach (Dharmadasa, 2010). Vision and Mission provide a vehicle for comprehensively communicating an organizations principle and values to all main stakeholders. The stakeholders are those main parties which have some authority over the association or the stake in its expectations (Dharmadasa, 2010).Vision and Mission create a goal for strategy expansion. That is, one decisive factor of a go od quality policy is how well it helps the firm attain its set mission and future vision (Garnett, Lawes, James, Bigland Zander, 2015). Vision statements are significant as such statements provide the bridge between the organisation strategies and mission which develops the sense of responsibility among the employees and thus achieving the objectives of the organisation. Hence, the better vision statements generate restlessness and tension as per the status quo that is; the company to promote the spirit of continuous improvement and innovation (Garnett, Lawes, James, Bigland Zander, 2015). Vision and mission both relate to the organizations aspirations and purpose and are communicated normally in the form of certain brief written statements. The mission statement of the organisation results in communicating the reason related to the presence of the organisation, the purpose of the organisation and how the company aspires to serve the main stakeholders (Garnett, Lawes, James, Bigland Zander, 2015). The vision statement is future-oriented, narrower, the organizations declaration purpose and aspirations. Vision and mission together result in developing the guiding strategy, help to communicate the purpose of the organisation to the stakeholders and inform about the objectives and the goals are set for determining whether the structure of the organisation is working properly according to the objectives (Garnett, Lawes, James, Bigland Zander, 2015). Mission, vision and the goals provide the guide of high level and the organisation structure results in the specific guide f or achieving the objectives and goals, the failure and success of the strategy and also satisfaction related to the different objectives that are stated in the mission statements (Gunasekare, 2016). The secret of developing the better mission statements is to focus on the reason that is related to the organisation existence and not on the services and the products which the organisation provides (Gunasekare, 2016). Organisational Structure: WMH is restructuring itself and increasing the number of the beds form 130 to 250 according to the increase in the capacity for the communities based clinics in the specialities. Hospital is planning to provide certain other new facilities and treatment as per the growing needs of the community, such providing services related o the treatments including, paediatric, cardiovascular, cancer, trauma services, aged care services, community and the renal services. The Matrix organisational structure will be the best structure that is to be applied by the Whitlam Memorial hospital for its restructuring. The matrix structure in a great way accommodates constantly as per the changing landscapes and the requirement of the organisations (Saunila, Mkimattila Salminen, 2014). Matrix is the combinations of the single and the cohesive structure which in turn results in the dual authority system. The matrix organisational structure instead of applying the structure of linear management structure utilizes the dual-reporting associations. Persons, for the completion of the task regardless of the department to which they belong, have to report diverse departments (Saunila, Mkimattila Salminen, 2014). Collaboration is also considered as the significant feature in matrix organisational structures, particularly in a situation where teams are formed, drawing persons from the diverse division of the institute, for the specific project accomplishment (Saunila, Mkimattila Salminen, 2014). The matrix organisational structure is beneficial for the reason of the efficient and the faster flow of the information among the organisation (Zgrzywa-Ziemak, 2015). The information is exchanged at the speedier and the free flowing manner because of the closer cooperation between the organisation and the employees. Data Sharing is also encouraged by the matrix structure, flowing horizontally and vertically, so everyone can access the information as required. The matrix structure results in the rapid flow and exchange of the information with the improving response rate for the changes and the unforeseen circumstances (Zgrzywa-Ziemak, 2015). The structure is more remarkable as it involves the larger number of departments within the organisation. Matrix structure utilizes the resources in an efficient and the cost effective way. The structure results in the department to protect it from the excessive spending on the tools, manpower, and equipment as the same can be sourced from the ot her sections (Zgrzywa-Ziemak, 2015). The structure is also beneficial in the personal and the professional growth of the managers, matrix structure tends to produce the proficient managers and the specialised workers through the information sharing and the experiences which they obtain while working in the different projects of the organisation and hence the structure also results in improved dedication and sense of commitments related to the jobs (Zgrzywa-Ziemak, 2015). Conclusion: Among the strength, there are certain limitations among the Matrix structure, such as creating confusion as a result of the duals the dual authority system. This also results in lack of control and actual loss of the managers in controlling the employees of their own department. This also lessens the sense of accountability and responsibility along the employees. Increases the initial and setup cost of the organisation. The conflicts awaken due to the dual authority among the employees develops the feeling of frustration and dissatisfaction. Whitlam Memorial hospital is restructuring itself into the larger hospital with the increased spaces and treatment facilities, Matrix is the better option as it is suitable for the larger structure organisations, the adaptability and flexibility of the structure will be a better option for the fast pace organisation WHM (Gunasekare, 2016). The different department in the WHM will require the decentralisation process that is to encourage the decision making process at the different level of the different department, for managing the larger organisation WHM requires the flat structure that is the authority is to spread out for taking the decision, hence looking into such factors it is believed that the matrix structuring will be best suitable for the restructuring of the WMH hospital. (Gunasekare, 2016) References Abbasi, B. (2017). Transformational leadership and change readiness and a moderating role of perceived bureaucratic structure: an empirical investigation.Problems And Perspectives In Management,15(1), 35-44. Dharmadasa, P. (2010). Mission Statements and Company Performance Revisited.SSRN Electronic Journal, 14(2),10-12. Dischner, S. (2015). Organizational structure, organizational form, and counterproductive work behavior: A competitive test of the bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic views.Scandinavian Journal Of Management,31(4), 501-514. Garnett, S., Lawes, M., James, R., Bigland, K., Zander, K. (2015). Portrayal of sustainability principles in the mission statements and on home pages of the world's largest organizations.Conservation Biology,30(2), 297-307. Gunasekare, U. (2016). Mission Statements in the Leisure Industry: Are They Strategic?.SSRN Electronic Journal. Melrose, S. (2018). Mentoring non-traditional students in clinical practicums: Building on strengths.Clinical Nursing Studies,6(3), 39. Saunila, M., Mkimattila, M., Salminen, J. (2014). Matrix structure for supporting organisational innovation capability.International Journal Of Business Innovation And Research,8(1), 20. Singh, P. (2013). Transforming Traditional Bureaucratic Management Practices By Employing The Collegial Leadership Model Of Emancipation.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER),12(8), 953. Zgrzywa-Ziemak, A. (2015). The Impact of Organisational Learning on Organisational Performance.Management And Business Administration. Central Europe,23(4), 98-112.

Martha Stewart Biography

Martha Stewart is a lifestyle maniac, media personality, author and notable American business mogul. Martha was born in 1941 and at age 13, she worked as a model and appeared in several fashion shows and visual advertisements. In 1962, she graduated from Bernard College with a degree in European and architectural history. While studying at Bernard College, she had met Andrew Stewart and they married in 1961. In 1967, Stewart was hired as stockbroker for a boutique firm at Wall Street until 1973 when the family moved to Connecticut.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Martha Stewart Biography specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After the family had renovated an old farmhouse they had bought in their new residence, Martha Stewart focused her attention onto cooking, an art she had learned from her mother and from various cookbooks. The couple took up the renovation themselves and this was the earliest indication of Stewart ’s elegance at restoring and restoring things. In 1976, she established a catering business with a friend. The business was very successful, but dipped when the two owners clashed. Stewart bought her part of the venture and continued to develop it, registering the business under the name Martha Stewart, Inc. Ten years after it was established, Martha Stewart, Inc. had grown to unimaginable proportions with a total asset of $1 million and serving a number of companies and celebrities. She also entered the publishing business when she wrote her first book, Entertaining. The book phenomenal success and she capitalized on this with other publications such as Martha Stewart’s Quick Cook Menus, Martha Stewart’s Hors d’Oeuvres, Martha Stewart’s Christmas, and Martha Stewart’s Wedding Planner. The success affected Stewart’s life and her marriage ended in divorce in 1990 (Biography.com, 2011). In 1991, Stewart’s business changed names a nd became Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc., this coincided with the release of her magazine, Martha Stewart Living, published by Time Publishing Ventures. The magazine’s circulation peaked in 2002 with more than 2 million copies per issue. Stewart’s lifestyle business soon expanded to two magazines, a checkout-size recipe publication, a television show, newspaper column, book sequels, radio show, and close a quarter million dollars in annual revenue. On October 1999, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc., was listed at the New York Stock Exchange and at the of the first day, the 72 million shares had almost doubled their initial prices. Stewart has a 95 percent stake in her business that is worth $1.2 billion. In July 2004, Stewart was imprisoned for five months and fined $30,000 after she was accused of engaging in insider trading back in December 2001. She had received information from her broker that the ImClone Systems shares would fall due a pending ruling by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Stewart sold all her 3,928 shares and the following day, ImClone Systems shares fell by 19%. She was released from prison in October 2004 and finished her sentence by serving a 5-month house arrest at her home. Martha Stewarts business empire continues to grow and even included publications by other authors such as Everyday Food, Body + Soul, and the now-defunct Blueprint (Biography.com, 2011). Martha Stewart has shown excellent leadership skills since establishing her business back in the 1970s and this is evidenced by the businesses’ phenomenal growth from a mere catering business to a billion dollar empire encompassing several units. Under her leadership, Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia has perfected the art of synergy, with her television shows, website and magazines selling her products.Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At a time, it seemed that the MSLO empire was falling: Kmart, the empire’s largest outlet for selling household products, was closing hundreds of its branches, its magazines were being challenged by newer magazines, and major television stations were cancelling Stewart’s shows. The worst part of this downturn was that MSLO’s boss was headed to jail. After serving her sentence, Martha made a turnaround and the various branches of the business have grown tremendously, and new ones have been added. This demonstrates Martha’s leadership ability of never giving up even when conditions demand so. One of the most important functions of a leader is integration, and in this area, Martha has excelled. She has made sure that all parts of the company are working towards a common, integrated goal, which is to improve lifestyle. For a company that mainly focuses on design and lifestyle, this implies that, it must first have a unique style, aesthetic, and ‘voice’, i.e. a distinctive way of corresponding with both the readers and viewers. Fortunately, Martha has succeeded in this area and has successfully created a unique style and level of quality that is steady across the large array of the MSLO empire, from one magazine to another, and to books, to TV shows, and to the internet. Martha leadership abilities have enabled her to establish and maintain a consistent style, voice and level of quality across various forms of media and other products at differing price levels. In way, we can say that integration and setting standards has been Martha’s most important skill, or achievement (Tracinski, 2004). Stewart has established working relationships with various businesses such as Kmart and various television channels, spurring her company to higher echelons. Even when Kmart filed for bankruptcy, she remained loyal to the company and this helped Kmart come out of the financial crisis. Stewart has also exercised self-discipline through her undiv ided focus on the products under the MSLO business. Stewart has embraced creativity and this has seen her come up with various products that have enjoyed positive public reviews. I admire Martha Stewart due to her embrace of hard work, determination and loyalty, traits that have enabled her business to grow to unimaginable proportions. Martha has led with her heart as well as her head and this has seen her create networks with several firms and bodies, these connections have significantly led to the rise of the MSLO empire. Stewart’s determination saw her make a turnaround in her business after many people dismissed the company as a dying horse. Upon finishing her sentence, she worked hard and the company surpassed its previous glory as revenues grew by more than 50 percent and the television shows received wider viewership as more television stations aired her shows (Weaver, 2011). Conclusion In order to survive the cutthroat competition that exists in today’s corpora te environment, a person has to possess certain skills and competencies that will make him/her be seen as a leader and not just as a manager or boss. It is through the possession of these qualities that a person will have a chance to climb the corporate ladder, or run a venture and enable it to meet its targets and fulfill its goal. Although business leaders are associated with a certain set of traits, there is no single set that will be exhibited by all leaders, rather, there are basic rules that have to present in a person so that he/she may be readied for the tasks that are in store for them. This is what defines leaders and enables them achieve success at business dealings that they engage in. In this topic, I learnt the traits that make us to recognize a person as a business leader, the five most important of which are good communication skills, motivation, creativity, power, and vision. These traits are vital in moulding an ordinary person to achieve unmatched success in a bus iness field of their choice. This was quite evident in the study of Martha Stewart who, despite being a normal person earlier in her formative years, has risen to become one of America’s most influential women.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Martha Stewart Biography specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stewart was able to manage her company single-handedly right from scratch up to a level at which she employed a number to assist her. Exercising her leadership skills, Stewart manages to turn the tiny catering business into a multi-million dollar business with networks in various sections of the economy. And when numerous news media predicted the end of her business empire, she comes out and manages a turnaround that sees the MSLO surpass its earlier success. A business leader bears a heavy responsibility in ensuring that a business, whether a start-up or established, small company or a multinational, based lo cally or abroad, achieves its objectives, and even surpasses projections. This is made possible by a meticulous application of leadership skills. This business leadership assignment enabled me to have an understanding of the basic traits required by a business leader, and how these qualities have been applied in real-life scenarios. References Biography.com. (2011). Martha Stewart Biography. Web. Attacks on Stewart Depend on a Cultural Blindness Toward Business Achievement. Web. Weaver, R. (2011). Five Essential Leadership Traits: The Story Of Martha Stewart From Kmart To Macy’s. Web. This essay on Martha Stewart Biography was written and submitted by user Linda Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Violence Is Not Innate

Violence has been with us from the dawn of history and only becomes a larger problem. Before newspapers, radios, or TV’s signaled us to the presence of violence and before police and prisons protected us from those who practiced it, violence was around. The first violent act ever committed and reported was that of Cain when he killed his brother Abel. Cain only killed his brother out of jealousy, not because he was born to commit all forms of violence. When we look back at the prehistoric species of man, scientists have proven that primitive men killed their enemies out of rage or for protection. Through his childhood experiences, Geoffrey Canada persuades readers that violence does not come innately. Canada’s earliest memories of learning to use violence taught him that he would only survive if he fought with other children. Through Canada’s experiences, we learn that it is not instinct that drives us to commit atrocities but our culture. Geoffrey Canada illustrates the urban America’s culture of violence by proving that children learn violence because of the environment they grew up in. The economic status that Canada and his family were living in prevented them from living in a safer neighborhood. Canada grew up in various small apartments in the Bronx with his mother and three brothers. Growing up in the urban ghetto, Canada, at such a young age recognized the subterranean evilness that existed when someone robbed his brother’s ten dollars in their new apartment. Geoffrey gained conscious of the possibility that he can be robbed at any given time and learned that no one was going to â€Å"come to a standstill because of our personal loss†. Due to environmental determinism, Canada went through incidences such as these and became psychologically prepared for other possible hostile scenarios. Canada claims that â€Å"violence is a learned response†¦Ã¢â‚¬  because he studied students that were not from the lower class urban... Free Essays on Violence Is Not Innate Free Essays on Violence Is Not Innate Violence has been with us from the dawn of history and only becomes a larger problem. Before newspapers, radios, or TV’s signaled us to the presence of violence and before police and prisons protected us from those who practiced it, violence was around. The first violent act ever committed and reported was that of Cain when he killed his brother Abel. Cain only killed his brother out of jealousy, not because he was born to commit all forms of violence. When we look back at the prehistoric species of man, scientists have proven that primitive men killed their enemies out of rage or for protection. Through his childhood experiences, Geoffrey Canada persuades readers that violence does not come innately. Canada’s earliest memories of learning to use violence taught him that he would only survive if he fought with other children. Through Canada’s experiences, we learn that it is not instinct that drives us to commit atrocities but our culture. Geoffrey Canada illustrates the urban America’s culture of violence by proving that children learn violence because of the environment they grew up in. The economic status that Canada and his family were living in prevented them from living in a safer neighborhood. Canada grew up in various small apartments in the Bronx with his mother and three brothers. Growing up in the urban ghetto, Canada, at such a young age recognized the subterranean evilness that existed when someone robbed his brother’s ten dollars in their new apartment. Geoffrey gained conscious of the possibility that he can be robbed at any given time and learned that no one was going to â€Å"come to a standstill because of our personal loss†. Due to environmental determinism, Canada went through incidences such as these and became psychologically prepared for other possible hostile scenarios. Canada claims that â€Å"violence is a learned response†¦Ã¢â‚¬  because he studied students that were not from the lower class urban...

Business Management - Diverse Workforce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Management - Diverse Workforce - Essay Example Equal opportunities in may just be a way of making it more palatable in today's climate, may be used to revitalize the equal opportunities agenda (Dickson and Hargie 2003). Also, the manager can cultivate diverse workforce organizational assessment, effective recruiting rules and norms and alternative work arrangements. Managing diversity is usually associated with the creation of a strong corporate culture with an emphasis on commitment, and it is inevitably portrayed as having a strategic and integrated focus. The main challenges faced by a company involve attempts to manage diverse workforce and create positive corporate climate, low cohesiveness and communication problems caused by cultural and language differences, group tension and negative stereotyping (Bateman et al 2003). The main difference between leading and managing is found in management functions managing involves maximization of the output of organization through effective management tools and methods. In contrast, leading is aimed to induce and motivate employees to work towards group goals with confidence and keenness. A leader's actions are devoted to helping a group to attain its objectives. Leading also implies that the leader accepts responsibility for the achievement of the group objective and it is therefore essential for trust and co-operation from both sides to be in evidence all the time. "Leading is focused on influencing people, while the other functions are focused on "resources" in addition to people" (McNamara, 2007). Every effective organization must lead in technology to meet changing economic environment and market demands. Out-of-date technology may lead to plant failure and consequent delays in production. Its new technology achievements and overall business strategy, pote ntial and capability to support high performance environments are the key elements for future developments. Technological forces generate problem-solving inventions. In many cases, technology helps to join material resource and human resources, and fastens this process. Every effective organization must lead in technology in order to resist competition and remain competitive in future. Also, technology allows companies to reduce operational costs and increase productivity. Team Management Effective teamwork depends upon a number of factors including motivation, mutual understanding, cohesiveness and team spirit. A manager can build a cohesive team using (1) different communication methods which allow team members to share experiences, (2) diversity training activities, (3) retreats. Teams react to success. Just as success can enhance self-confidence and release energy potential for individuals, it also can help develop cohesion and camaraderie in groups. An example of this was reported on the basis of undersea marine research teams. Each successful undersea mission, according to the account, led to increased team cohesion. Thus, building a high-performing team is difficult, particularly if the team is working on a variety of tasks and, possibly, line activities at the same time. Therefore, the deliberate use of competitive strategies to enhance work motivation and teamwork requires planning and control. In this case, communication plays a pivotal role helping team mem bers and a leader to solve problem and share experiences (Bateman et al 2003). Intergroup Conflict Intergroup conflict occurs because of incompatibility

Europe and the World in Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Europe and the World in Transition - Essay Example Ozment’s historical investigation into the social pillars of Reformation Europe takes the reader straight to the origins of social cleavages between men and women, as well as to the roots of social and political hostilities between Catholics and Protestants. The book systematically uncovers the horizontal structure of European societies in the age of humanism, where the family was the highest manifestation of tranquillity, peace, trust and equality among its members. In this sense, Ozment’s work is innovative, because it challenges a popular stereotype which depicts the Reformation family as necessarily dominant and tyrannical. His historical discoveries create a revolutionary view of the family during the Reformation in Germany and Switzerland, and describe it as an empowering social unit, which transcended the narrow confinements of the home, and intersected with society. This brief report will critically approach two of Ozment’s most interesting arguments â₠¬â€œ his views on marriage in Reformation Europe, and the impact of marriage on the formation of families and communities. The remainder of this paper will approach the two themes separately and it will discuss their academic as well historic feasibility. First it is important to briefly mention the political and social context in which Ozment’s observations are made. The political reality of Reformation Europe was one of an absolute fusion of political power, absolutism and a dominant form of leadership. Women’s role in society was one of subjugation and passivity, and marriage was viewed by the Catholic Church as having the sole purpose of procreation and the subordination of the wife. The Protestant Reformation which started in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century in Europe challenged these realities, and for the first time marriage was institutionalized to become the pillar of society. Women’s creative power was the driving force behind the institu tion of marriage (Ozment 5-20). It is in the context of these major social and cultural transformations that Ozment makes his observations on the role of women and marriage in Germany and Switzerland. In this study, Ozment describes the Protestant marriage as opposite to the Catholic perception of marriage. He reveals that in the beginning of the Reformation, marriage was seen by Protestants and their supporters as a remedy for broken social and domestic relations: Protestants were faced with what they considered to be crisis of domestic relations, one that could be traced to the institutions of medieval religion [†¦] To correct the situation, they (Protestants) exalted the patriarchical nuclear family, as the liberation of men, women and children, from religious, sexual and vocational bondage (Ozment 5-6) In this sense Ozment presents a very comprehensive view of marriage during the Reformation, not only as a stabilizer, but also as a liberator from the unnecessary and evasive religious conservatism of the Catholic Church. Ozment has captured the essence of marriage, as viewed at the early stages of the Protestant Reformation in Europe, and he explores it as a religious, as well as social antidote to hypocritical preaching of Catholicism for celibacy and penance. At the time Catholic marriage was viewed as a tool for social and individual subjugation of women, and the Catholic Chur

Social work theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social work theory - Essay Example 2). There are several models and theories about the cause of substance abuse and dependence used to provide an explanation of addiction. These models have strong implications on the interventions that practitioners implement. An explanation that addiction/alcoholism is a consequence of an individual’s personal choice is adhered to by proponents of the moral model. The view that indulgence in alcohol and substance abuse is a personal choice makes it justifiable for an individual to be punished. Another perspective views addiction/alcoholism is related to the parent’s excessive neglect during childhood. This type of explanation is characteristic of the socio-cultural and psychological models of addiction. Several studies reveal that people who become addicts have underlying psychological disorders and these interact with certain socio-cultural factors to cause further exacerbation of substance abuse. . In the well-being paradigm, â€Å"substance abuse is viewed as reflecting an underlying, intra-psychological deficiency† (Maton et al., 1992, p. 81). These psychological problems cause emotional pain and relief from pain is readily offered by alcohol and drug use. On the other hand, the disease concept of substance abuse postulates that addiction is a primary disease and not secondary or corollary to another condition. â€Å"Perhaps the greatest advantage to the articulation that addiction is a disease has been to remove the moral stigma attached to chemical dependency and to replace it with an emphasis on treatment of an illness† (Fisher et al, 1997, p. 45). However, a major criticism of this model is the notion that it relieves the substance abuser from taking responsibility of his/her behavior. It paints a picture of the alcoholic or addict as powerless and a passive victim in the drinking/ drug use behavior. To their defense, proponents of the

The Negative Impacts Of Cruise Tourism Tourism Essay

The Negative Impacts Of Cruise Tourism Tourism Essay 1. Introduction Nowadays, cruise tourism plays an important role in the tourism industry. Cruise ships become newer, larger and more comfortable so that nearly every need of the customers can be satisfied on the high seas. Capabilities like theaters, cinemas, fitness clubs, discotheques, casinos, tennis courts and many others are common on most modern cruise ships. Moreover, that most of the named activities are already included in the price. Thereby the ships beat about all the seven oceans to the most beautiful places on earth like for instance the Caribbean. But all these glorious sounding features involve several negative environmental problems. Cruise ships contaminate the seas with tons of waste and sewage which causes decreases of biodiversity, coral reefs and of course the water quality. Mass tourism harms and destroys ecological systems like beaches and reefs. This examination is about the impacts of cruise tourism to the environment and contingencies how to make cruise tourism more sustain able. 2. Utilization of resources Cruise tourism requires an abundance of resources and produces quantities of waste. A typical Caribbean cruise ship produces about 50tons of waste, 7.5 million liter potable water, 800.000 liter wastewater and 130.000 liter oleiferous water. Approximately 75% of all produced wastewater are caused by cruise ships. Between 1993 and 1998 over 100 cases of marine pollutions were investigated in the Caribbean. The estimate number of unknown cases might exceed this number many times over because the disposal of wastewater takes place in aquatic environments where environmental pollution is permitted on payment of a fee. Furthermore the cruise industry requires a convenient super- and infrastructure at their destinations which often overwhelms the financial capability of the regions and causes a dependency to the cruise tourism. 3. General information about the impact of the cruise tourism industry The entire tourism industry has positive as well as negative impacts on the economy, the culture and the environment. Thereby the cruise industry is no exception. Being an in Niche market the cruise industrys impact is higher-than average. By establishing more than 450,000 employments with salaries of 15 billion US-Dollars in the whole and a turnover of some billion dollars above all the cruise industry in the USA has a great impact on the economy. Furthermore a big impact on the governments revenues and expenditures is notable. The revenues of local governments consist like following: Taxes paid on turnovers by cruise passenger, the crew and the cruise line Temporarily taxes on accommodations that are paid by passengers Revenues in fees paid by passengers as well as by the cruise line, including fees for calling at a port, cleaning and other expenditures on a harbor Fees for recycling and the use of water Fees for passengers, including admission charge and payments for medical provision Tax payment of companies which distribute products and services to cruise lines passengers taxes paid by enterprises Operational costs on- site Secondary or indirect tax revenues like payment of property tax by employees of the cruise lines and their families 4. Possibilities to create sustainable cruise tourism The Cruise tourism encompasses different segments and sub segments. Aspects of sustainability in the sense of ecological sustainability play in most of the sub-segments of cruise tourism a more or less important role. All indications are that the cruise industry, in its own interest, tries to eliminate these negative impacts as fast as possible. Potential Reasons, as the fact that one of the most important subareas of cruise industry, the Caribbean, cannot comply the conception of sustainable tourism in the sense of the definition of sustainability mentioned in the Bruntland Report, have to be searched on the academic and socio-cultural level. To find concrete evidence on these levels seems to be difficult. Although the cruise tourism initiate doubtless economical impulses on the destinations, the essentially effects on the long term local development remain to be unrealized. The relation between costs and benefits on the environmental level as well as on the socio- cultural level seems to be unbalanced what a disadvantage of the destinations is. A quantification of this context owes. With the undersigning of a pioneering nature protection agreement on January 15th 2008, re-experienced the 12-month collaboration of Conservation International, the tourism agency of Cozumel, and the Florida-Caribbean Cruise Association its climax. Cruise industry representatives from the government, private enterprise association and cruise ship association were part of this contract. With the undersigning of this arrangement the contractual partners originated a significant nature conservancy initiative which should help to protect the vulnerable biodiversity of the most popular cruise destination on earth Cozumel, Mexico. In the year 2006 the island employed about 1000 workers for cruise ships, which brought an estimate number of 2.6 million cruise passengers to Cozumel. During peak times up to nine cruise ships with over 10.000 tourists reach the islands harbor daily. The rapid growing of the cruise tourism industry led to a heavy burden for the environment. The agreement composes the fundament for sustainable cruise tourism which will be achieved with the following projects: The creation of more awareness for environmental problems among the cruise tourists, tour operators and within the local community Improvement of the infrastructure of the island (especially the transportation- and waste-management) Increased security for the coral reef Indemnity of the strict observance of current laws These projects were developed during a range of workshops by groups of different stakeholders. Hereby over 80 leading representatives of the cruise tourism were brought together in order to pinpoint important environmental aspects and to achieve a common accomplishment for these projects. This common planning process is worldwide the first of its kind in the cruise tourism. Therefore Cozumel is the only cruise ship destination which helps to prevent its nature and biodiversity. Leading representatives of the cruise tourism established the so-called Stewardship Working Group which is supposed to implement objectives mentioned in the environment protection agreement. Following objectives are on the agenda: Every cruise ship passenger will see a 30 second information-movie in which he will appealed to handle sustainable in order to protect the nature In a photo exhibition, nearby the landing stage, the passengers will see the unspoilt districts of the island All tour-boats on the island have their own recycling system In the next step the representatives will evolve awareness campaigns which involve not only the cruise tourists but also the tour operator and hosts. Approximately over 500.000 cruise tourists will be involved in such campaigns. 5. Particular sensitive sea area The cruise industry will be confronted with several challenges related to environmental issues in the future. These challenges relate to the activities in the oceans, especially in and around important nature protection areas. The international Maritime Organization (IMO) recognized that issue and initiated counteractions, the so called Particular Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSA). At present there exist 11 PSSAs. The effective guidelines of these areas commit all the governments of the IMO member- states to ensure that cruise lines which drive under their flag have to keep the methods of protection. The following 11 PSSAs were arranged: The Great Barrier Reef, Australia (1990) The Sabana-Camagà ¼ey Archipelago, Cuba (1996) The Malpelo Island, Colombia (2002) The Sea around the Florida Keys (2002) The Wadden Sea, Denmark, Norway, Germanys (2002) The Paracas National Reserve, Peru (2003) The western European Waters (2004) Enlargement of the existing PSSA of the Great Barrier Reef including the Torres Strait Islands (2005) The Canary Islands, Spain (2005) The Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador (2005) The Baltic Sea, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden (2005) The MARPOL Convention arranges three complementary methods for the contamination management: Reduction of waste products, Recycling and disposal of waste. With the agreement of the MARPOL Convention a cruise ship can convert its waste and dispose it on its own as well as leave the waste on a harbor for disposal either by store it, burn it or recycle it. 6. Studies and scientific literature In the more recent past only a small number of studies concerning the environmental impact of the cruise industry existed. For a considerable time a wide range of articles, reports, books, campaigns and websites occurred. The most informative subscription are scientific works (Cruise Ship Tourism, 2006, CABI), which interpret the concrete impacts of the cruise industry to the environment. The most considered researches were published by Ross Dowling and Ross Klein (Cruise Ship Blues The Underside of the Cruise Industry, 2002, and Cruise Ship Squeeze The New Pirates of the Seven Seas, 2005, New Society Publishers). Furthermore, Klein also operates to websites (www.cruisejunkie.com and www.cruiseresearch.org) where the visitor can find a varies number of resources like detailed lists of diseases, cancellations, suicides, passengers who fell overboard, powertrain problems, environmental incidents, health issues and many more. Between 2002 and 2006 over one thousand facts were collected. 7. Conclusion Although the cruise tourism has a huge negative impact on the environment there are still no homogenous regulations or laws to protect the ecological system. Even if some regions established such laws, regulations and awareness campaigns there are still huge areas of freedom to act in an environmentally harmful way. Due to the magnitude of the seas the direct environmental impacts are not clearly recognizable in a short time but they cause long-term damages. The new cruise ships which are bigger than ever before and the increasing demand in this tourism branch wont help to come to grips with this problem. In terms of achieving sustainable tourism it is, therefore, a sub-sector within which socio-economic, cultural and environmental considerations need to be continually analyzed, addressed and monitored. However, decision-makers in cruise tourism destinations, particularly those outside North America, need to work closely with operators to facilitate both integrated waste management and intergenerational and intra-societal equity rather than merely accept the prospect of short-term economic gain.

An Understanding of the Teaching Called the New Age. Essay -- promotin

An understanding of the teaching called the new age. Since the fall of human kind from the Garden of Eden, People began to seek out the God. The desire to know and seek God had led human race to many different spiritual Understanding. We knew know that there are so many beliefs in this word. Ancient world seek Out God by worshiping god and goddesses. In the next stage, people started to question the Existence of god and start looking for answers about what God and how God is. This is Starting to bring people to know what was referred to religion. However, it has not been Satisfactory to the human mind that also constantly evolving through time. Human start to Seek out God that can be accepting with common sense also satisfy our spiritual needs without Involving things that are out and cannot be proved by reason and knowledge. One of this Reasonable new belief is The New age Teaching. The New Age This new belief can be said a new belief that puts logic as its foundations. The trust which Focuses on the needs of human life both spiritually and materially. So what is this new age? 1. â€Å" The New age movement is loosely structured network of individuals and Organizations who share a vision of new age of enlighten and harmony (Age or Aquarius) and who subscribe to A common â€Å"worldview† (Geisler dan Watkins 11) 2. The Common worldview is based on â€Å"Monism† ( all in one), Pantheism ( all In God), And Mystic (the experience of oneness with the Divine). (Eliot 15) 3. Because it is so broad and organizationally diffuse, The new age movement cannot be Categorized as a cult by any accepted sociological definitions Of Cult. (Eliot 16) So based on that definitions a new age movement can catego... ...untering Religious Pluralism : the Chalengge to Christian Faith and Mission. Downer Grove, InterVarsity, 2001. Geisler, Norman L and William Watkins. World A part: A handbook on worldviews. Grand Rapids, Baker, 1989. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index? n.d. 4 4 2014. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index? n.d. 4 4 2014. https://www.centerpointe.com/freecd/?s=0. n.d. 4 4 2014. "Membuka topeng Gerakan Jaman Baru." Momentum (2000): 17-40. "New age." 2012. Rhodes, Ron. New age movement. Michigan: Grand Rapids, 1995. Tolle, Eckhart. A new earth: Awekening to your life's Purpose. New York: Penquin Group, 2006. —. The Power of Now www.alwaysbeready.com. 2012. 4 4 2014. www.wfial.org. 2011. 4 4 2014. Zakarias, Ravi and Norman L Geisler. Is Your Church Ready? Grand Rapids, Zondervan, 2003.

Rich dad and poor dad Essay

BSTM III This story about Rich Dad, Poor Dad it inspires a lot of people who already read this book. It gives us motivation in life. We all know everyone has a purpose in life. Educational attainment is important to have a successful life in the future. Treasure your knowledge about the things you’ve learned. Make some experienced like working in a company and pay yourself and buy a reward for you. By sharing your knowledge to everyone that you talked to has a chance to have more ideas in what you do. Be dedicated about your work; it is important to get involved in some investment, business ventures to have a secure and comfortable life. Used your skills about how to hold your finances right. â€Å"Rich does not work for money† they’ve work for keeping safe and the willingness to learn something new. They classify the standard of living, the powers that influenced many people and the money that controls all the necessities in the world. In the ‘Rat Race’ game in the monopoly board it shows how the player needs information to invest in a good deal to win the game and how you spent your money wisely. He never exits because he keeps going around, always returning to the same place where he was before. Once we find ways to make more money working more to pay for our expenses, we find new ways to spend our money, which in turn gets us into more expenses. That is why we never find the exit from and will keep running in the rat race. Most of us got used to it because that is what almost everybody gets from life, but if you think about it for a while; we want to get out the rat race to be able to be financially independent and have a control of our lives. Many people trapped in a rat race because they do not know manage finances are important to value your money. Even if you are rich or poor you will think a good investment and keeping your money more useful and productive. The rich man has to manage their accounts, investments, properties or assets to secure their future and the next generation. While in the middle class society they work hard and they do it for their family to give them a comfortable life but in some instances they’ve work because of the money. Rich men have a more advantages in terms in finances they have consultant and the finances they manage well. Give your kids some advice on how they spent money and teach us how to be a more responsible about the money. The biologic dad was a teacher, worked for others during all his life and died poor. The â€Å"business† dad was an entrepreneur that invested his life in learning and building new businesses, and so he became rich. The poor man has an investment in education this is the good deals they do to be a better persons and learned experienced while they doing some stuff. Give your best shot and strive to life to achieve your goals. Have a positive outlook in life. Teach yourself to set yourself always be an employee of somebody that manages those concepts and takes advantage of that to run a business using the work force of other people. Learn communication skills to deal with other people. Make your own move about all the matters you’ve encountered in life. Perseverance has obtained in our individuals personality to push you around. Make things possible. Both dads’ are thinking how the money flows. Act, manage risk, and think big, think businesses don’t be afraid to take a risk. Be more knowledgeable about your surroundings and conduct a surveys or knowing your priorities in life. It advocates financial independence through investing, real state, owning a business. It highlights the attitudes in money. In their decision making was affected because they will be smart in making decisions if they go wrong to their decisions they will lose it forever. Learn to classify your assets and liabilities. Generate a cash flow in the circulation of the market. The two dads influence their children to be more responsible about the money. Money rules 1. Spend Less Than You Earn 2. Don’t Over-Think Your Investments 3. Stop Wasting Time 4. Eliminate (and Avoid) High-Interest Debt 5. Talk About Money (And Be Honest) 6. Stop Trying to Impress Other People 7. Watch Your Progress (But Make It Fun) 8. Take Care of Your Things 9. Do It Yourself 10. Plan Ahead Every Time You Spend 11. Find and Work Toward Your True Passions 12. Build Real Friendships and Relationships 13. Improve Yourself Every Chance You Get 14. Give Without Strings or Regrets In the rules of the money basically tackles about how the money flow and to planned and make your own move to improve your ideas and knowledge about the things you’ve taking care of. Makes plans, rules and your obligations to do and make it realistic and interesting. Think another strategies and techniques on how you will find a good opportunity in investing your money. Take suggestions came from your friends, relatives and other people. Researching or by attending a seminars will help you to learn a lot of new things and you will know the potentials of your money in the market. Control your money by having an accounts, cards, notes, bonds. Reading and understanding of financial statements is a must to understand how a business operates. Teach us the basic of business and finance concepts like cash flow, assets, liabilities, income and expenses. There are good points in life management. Do some ways to invent money and have an investment that nurture your future life. The objective is to learn how to handle your finances and seeking a good opportunities. It talks about a lot of financial tricks you can apply to make more money. It is the way of life to fulfill your dreams or goals that you want to achieve. Be ready to the challenges and the problems that you encountered. It develops your perspective in life and boosts your confidence to take a risk. Learn to discipline yourself and have a point of view. Get new ideas on how you can fix things eventually. You may work for others to gain experience, knowledge and insights about the businesses. The author of this book says about your financial responsibility. It talks about focusing and finding new ways are good sources of money. Many people do not learn to their lesson in life which continues now. The lives of many of us follow the same pattern. We get jobs working for others because we need money to pay for our expenses. Once we earn our own money, we are ready to buy more things. The pattern of money spending is evident. Once we get what we want, we need more money to keep our life style. The â€Å"Rich dad, Poor dad† book teaches us how to get out of this never ending cycle. It teaches a very basic, but also very important lesson about financial education that we should have learned in schools. Most of those lessons are actually advices that you should reflect upon and choose to follow or not depending on your circumstances of life. Once you learn these basic lessons you realize how you can get the financial independence that will allow you to have a more satisfying life, working only on the projects you want, instead of just wasting your life working for others in things that are not very fulfilling. It has an outstanding content that will nourish our mind and our souls. â€Å"Enjoy life to the fullest† it is a one chance that may happen to your life and never goes back anyway.

Alternative Capital Structure Paper Essays - Capital, Contract Law

Alternative Capital Structure Paper Essays - Capital, Contract Law Alternative Capital Structure Paper Kristopher Watkins FIN/419 November 23, 2015 James Hagist Alternative Capital Structure Paper Land Recovery has decided to investigate several forms of financing assets to find an alternative capital structure. It is going to implement debt financing in order to raise its capital and has laid out three different options to consider for the new policy. Important aspects of this policy include current ratio, net working capital position, and expected rate of return on stockholders' equity, which you will find within the spreadsheet included at the bottom of this paper. We know for each option there will be certain variables that do not change. Each option includes current assets of 30 million and fixed assets of 35 million, which total 65 million in assets. We also have a tax rate of 40% and EBIT of 6 million. Stockholders equity has provided us with 40 million in assets, as well. Debt for each option is 25 million, though the difference of long term and short term debt changes for each option. Now we will break down the differences of each of those options. Option 1 Provided with option 1 is a short term debt of 24 million and a long term debt of 1 million. Option 1 has the lowest interest expense at 1.405 million. Although, it shows this option will pay the highest amount of taxes at 1.838 million reducing earnings from 4.595 million to 2.757 million. This option provides the highest rate of return on stockholders equity at 6.89%. This option has the lowest net working capital of 6 million, as well as the lowest current ratio at 1.25:1. Because of the low current ratio and net working capital I would consider this option to be the highest in risk and profitability. Option 2 Provided with option 2 is a short term debt of 18 million and a long term debt of 7 million. Option 2 has a medium interest expense at 1.460 million. It shows this option will pay a medium amount of taxes, as well, at 1.816 million reducing earnings from 4.540 million to 2.724 million. This option provides a medium rate of return on stockholders equity at 6.81%. This option also has an increased net working capital of 12 million, as well as a medium current ratio at 1.66666666666667:1. Because of the medium current ratio and net working capital I would consider this option to fall within the medium range of risk and profitability. Option 3 Provided with option 3 is a short term debt of 12 million and a long term debt of 13 million. Option 3 has the highest interest expense at 1.515 million. It shows this option will pay the lowest amount of taxes at 1.794 million reducing earnings from 4.485 million to 2.691 million. This option provides the lowest rate of return on stockholders equity at 6.81%. This option has an even more increased net working capital of 18 million, as well as the highest current ratio at 2.5:1. Due to the highest current ration and net working capital of the 3 options I would declare this option the lowest in risk and profitability. Which Option is Best? Of the three options provided each has given us a slightly different alternative to decide upon the best possible capital structure. Although option 1 has the lowest interest expense, as well as the highest ROE, its net working capital and current ratio is significantly lower than the other two options. For these reasons I would choose not to go with this option, as having such a low net working capital and current ratio could cause the company problems with creditability towards their investors. Option 2 provides a rather level medium between the two options, though I would be particularly more attracted to option 3. The main reasons for this would be because of the high current ratio and significantly higher net working capital, which goes from 6 million in option 1 to 18 million in option 3. Although we would be slightly reducing our ROE the significant increase of net working capital and current ratio will allow better protection for the companys investments. Conclusion Overall, this decision could be made solely based upon the opinions of the management in charge of making these decisions.

5 Reasons People Fail the Bar Exam

5 Reasons People Fail the Bar Exam According to Law.com, nearly one-quarter of all those who took the bar exam- 24.9 percent to be exact- failed the test in 2017, the latest year for which figures are available. But Karen Sloan, writing on the legal information website, notes that as many as 36 percent failed the exam in Mississippi, making it the state with the largest failure rate, and nearly 60 percent did not pass in Puerto Rico. There are five key reasons why so many test takers fail to pass the bar exam each year. Learning to avoid these pitfalls may help you pass this all-important test. They Tried to Learn Every Detail of the Law The bar exam requires minimum competency knowledge of the law. However, many test takers are overwhelmed at the amount of material they need to study. So they try to study as they did in law school, learning every nuance and every detail. This usually results in hours of listening to audio lectures and making flash cards or outlines but very little time actually reviewing the heavily tested areas of the law. Getting buried in the details can actually hurt your chances of passing the exam. You are required to know a little about a lot of the law, not a lot about a little. If you concentrate on the minutiae, you won’t know the heavily tested areas of the law on the exam and that may put you at risk of failing. They Failed to Practice and Seek Feedback Many students find they don’t have time to practice. This is a problem because practice is particularly important when studying for the bar exam. For example, California requires applicants to take a performance test as part of the bar exam, as do many other states. The State Bar of California notes that the performance test is designed to evaluate test takers: ...ability to handle a select number of legal authorities in the context of a factual problem involving a client. Yet students often scrimp on practicing for this difficult part of the exam, even though past performance tests are available for free online. Essays are also an integral part of bar exams in most states. So, its important to practice this part of the test, and its simple (and free) to access sample exam questions. The New York State Board of Law Examiners, for example, offers essay questions with sample candidate answers for free download from bar exams as recent as February 2018. If you are a bar exam candidate, it behooves you to access such free questions, familiarize yourself with the material, and practice writing essays or grappling with performance test scenarios. Once you practice, compare your answers to the sample answers, rewrite sections if necessary, and self-evaluate your work. Also, if your bar exam review program offers you feedback, turn in all possible assignments and be sure to get as much feedback as possible. You can even hire a bar exam tutor to help you with this. They Ignored the MBE Most bar tests include a Multistate Bar Examination, a standardized bar test created by the National Conference of Bar Examiners, which is administered to applicants taking the bar in nearly all states nationwide. Yet, as with sample performance tests and sample essay questions, its easy to obtain actual- and, again, free- MBE questions from past bar exams, says JD Advising, a bar exam tutoring and preparation firm. Ashley Heidemann writing on the JD Advising website says that its important to practice with real MBE questions because they are written in a very specific style. Though her firm does charge a fee for MBE questions, it also offers free tips on how to pass the MBE. The National Conference of Bar Examiners also offers free MBE questions from previous tests. Indeed, the nonprofit NCBE is a great resource for preparing for all aspects of the bar, regardless of the state where you plan to take the test. The group even offers a Comprehensive Guide to Bar Admission Requirements for $15 as of 2018. Its not free, but considering the importance of passing the bar, it would likely be well worth the money for any bar exam candidate- especially since the NCBE developed and distributes the MBE. They Did not Take Care of Themselves Students who take terrible care of themselves- thus, putting themselves at risk of sickness, added anxiety, burnout, and inability to focus- often have difficulty passing the exam. Sure, this isn’t a time to start a new diet and/or workout regimen, but you won’t do well on exam day if you are tired, bleary-eyed, stressed out, and hungry because you haven’t been taking good care of yourself or didn’t eat properly. The condition of your physical body is a major element of bar exam success, says Bar Exam Toolbox. They Engaged in Self-Sabotaging Behavior This kind of behavior can come in many different forms: You might agree to volunteer for a time-consuming summer program, and as a result, lack adequate time to study. You might spend too much time online or socializing with friends instead of spending quality hours studying. You could pick fights with your significant other leaving you too emotionally drained to study. Bar Exam Toolbox offers a host of tips for mentally preparing for the exam, including how to streamline your bar exam prep, choose a bar exam preparation course (if you decide to take that route), or assess whether you need help studying for the exam if you are taking it for the first time. Remember, you want to take this exam only once: Do everything you can to focus and stay on track with your bar exam preparation.